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Pindari
The Pendharis (also spelled Pindaris) or Free Companions ((マラーティー語:पेंढारी) ; Hindi piṇḍārī, पिण्डारी / पिंडारी) were dispersed throughout the Maratha states and were countenanced and protected by the Maratha chiefs to whom they acted as agents for supplying all the commissariat required by their armies.〔Historical studies and recreations, Volume 2-By Shoshee Chunder Dutt; pg 340〕 They were composed of different tribes who congregated solely for purposes of plunder.〔 They came into existence during the 18th century when the Mughal Empire was breaking up.〔 The Pindaris were loosely organized under self-chosen leaders, and each group was usually attached to one or other of the Maratha leaders. Their main characteristic was that they received no pay, but rather purchased the privilege of plundering on their own account.〔
==Etymology==
The term ''Pindar'' may derive from ''pinda'',〔http://books.google.com/books?id=76c1VSYnPE0C&pg=PA388&dq=pindara+caste&hl=en&ei=JMyATsiiJabV0QHJhIjzDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=pindara%20caste&f=false〕 an intoxicating drink, or from Pandhar,〔http://books.google.com/books?id=SyMmAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA79&dq=pindari+mang&hl=en&ei=Y82ATs65Ao7I0AHyvN3jDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=pindari%20mang&f=false〕 a village in Nimar, or from ''pinda'',〔http://books.google.com/books?id=b5gsAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA71&dq=pinda+drink+india&hl=en&ei=Qs6ATqPQHun20gGv9LDuDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=pinda%20drink%20india&f=false〕 a bundle of fodder carried by the Pindara. Another possible derivation is from ''pindā-paṛna'' (to follow close by) or ''pindā-basne'' (to stick close to).〔http://books.google.com/books?id=W_8bAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA397&dq=pinda+drink+india&hl=en&ei=Qs6ATqPQHun20gGv9LDuDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=pinda%20drink%20india&f=false〕
Alternate spellings include ''Pindara'', ''Pindarah'', ''Pendhari''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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